The animal feed manufacturing process usually includes the following: raw material storage, raw material cleaning, raw material crushing, raw material ingredients, raw material mixing, and pelleting process.
Storage of raw materials:
The raw materials and materials in the feed are in many states, and various types of silos must be used.
There are two types of silos: simple silo and room silo. The main raw materials such as corn, high-grain, and other grain raw materials have good fluidity and are not easy to agglomerate. They are mostly stored in simple warehouses. The auxiliary materials such as powdered raw materials such as bran and soybean meal have poor scattering properties and are easy to agglomerate after being stored for a period of time. The discharging is stored in a room-style warehouse.
Cleaning of raw materials:
Impurities in feed raw materials not only affect the quality of feed products but also directly affect feed additives.
Work equipment and personal safety can cause damage to the entire equipment in severe cases and affect the smooth progress of feed production, so it should be removed in time. The cleaning equipment of the feed factory is mainly the cylinder preliminary cleaning and magnetic separation equipment. The screening equipment removes large and long debris such as stones, mud, and sack pieces in the raw materials, and the magnetic separation equipment mainly removes iron impurities.
Crushing of raw materials:
The technological process of feed crushing is determined according to the required particle size, the variety of the same material, and other conditions.
The number of raw material crushing can be divided into the primary crushing process, cyclic crushing process, or secondary crushing process. According to the combination form with the batching process, it can be divided into batching process and batching process.
Batching process:
At present, the commonly used process flow includes manual adding batching, volumetric batching, batching with one warehouse and one scale, batching with multiple warehouses and multiple scales, batching with multiple warehouses and one scale, etc.
Mixing process:
It can be divided into batch mixing and continuous mixing. Batch mixing is to mix various mixing components together according to the ratio of the formula and send them to the “batch mixer” that works periodically. Mixing is carried out in batches. This mixing method is more convenient to change the formula, and there is less mutual mixing between each batch. It is a commonly used mixing process at present. The opening and closing operations are more frequent, so most of them adopt automatic program control.
Granulation process:
1 Conditioning: Conditioning is the most important link in the granulation process. The quality of quenching and tempering directly determines the quality of pellet feed. The purpose of conditioning and tempering is to adjust and temper the dry powder into a powdery feed with certain moisture and humidity conducive to granulation. At present, feed factories in China complete the conditioning and tempering process by adding steam.
2. Granulation: (1) Ring die granulation: The uniformly tempered material is first removed by the guard magnet, and then evenly distributed between the pressing and mixing and the pressing mold so that the material enters the extrusion from the pressing area of the feeding area The area is clamped into the die hole by the pressure roller to continuously squeeze and split to form a columnar feed. As the die is turned, the cutter fixed on the outside of the die is cut into a pellet-like feed. (2) The mixed materials after flat mold granulation enter the granulation system, and the rotating distributor located on the upper part of the granulation system evenly spreads the materials on the surface of the pressure mold, and then the materials are pressed into the mold hole by the rotating pressure mixing and removed from the mold hole. The bottom is pressed out, and the rod-shaped feed coming out of the die hole is cut into the required length by the cutting roller.
Cooling process:
Cooling During the pelleting process, the high temperature, and high humidity steam are introduced and the material is squeezed to generate a lot of heat. When the pellet feed comes out of the pelletizer, the water content reaches 16%-18% and the temperature is as high as 75C-85C. Under these conditions, pellet feed is easy to deform and break, and will also cause adhesion and mildew during storage. The moisture must be reduced to below 14%, and the temperature must be lowered to below 8 C higher than the air temperature, which requires cooling.
Crumb process:
In order to save electricity, increase output and improve quality in the production process of the granulating machines, crushing is often made into materials first.
Particles of a certain size are then crushed into qualified products with a crusher according to the particle size during livestock and poultry feeding.
Screening process
Screening: granular feed after grinding process, will produce – part of the powder coagulation and other things do not meet the requirements. Material, so the broken granular feed needs to be screened into neat particles, uniform size of the product.
